Report: More and more migratory species at risk of extinction

The number of migratory wild animals at risk of extinction is increasing, amid climate change and pressures generated by human activities, according to an international report published ahead of a global conference dedicated to the conservation of these species. The document, produced within the framework of the Bonn Convention, shows that almost a quarter of the monitored migratory species (24%) are threatened with extinction, and 49% of them, approximately 592 species, are experiencing population declines, informs AFP. The report was published ahead of the COP15 conference for the conservation of migratory species, which will take place between March 23 and 29 in the city of Campo Verde, Brazil.

• Statistics in decline

The updated data indicate a worsening of the situation compared to the first global report published in 2024. The percentage of threatened species increased by 2%, the number of species with declining populations increased by 5%. The authors of the report emphasize that this evolution partly reflects better monitoring of populations, but the overall trend remains alarming.

Among the affected species are: the African penguin, the tiger shark, the shovelnose dolphin.

• Coastal birds, among the most vulnerable

The report highlights that shorebirds are among the most affected by environmental degradation. In their case, the deterioration of the conservation status cannot be explained only by improving scientific data, but reflects the real intensification of threats to habitats. The essential habitats for these species - wetlands, deltas or lagoons - are strongly affected by urbanization, agriculture and infrastructure. The main factors contributing to the decline of migratory species are: habitat loss and fragmentation, especially due to intensive agriculture; overexploitation through hunting and fishing; climate change, which alters migratory routes; pollution (pesticides, plastics); underwater noise and light pollution, which disrupt the orientation of animals.

Migrations are essential for the survival of many species, being determined by the search for favorable climatic conditions, food sources and safe areas for reproduction.

• There are also positive signs

However, the report also highlights some favorable developments. Some species have been reclassified to a lower risk category, thanks to conservation programs. These include: the Mediterranean monk seal, the saiga antelope, the oryx antelope. These examples show that conservation policies can have real results, when applied on an international scale.

• A warning for ecosystem security

Researchers warn that the disappearance of migratory species would have ripple effects on ecosystems, as many of them play essential roles - from pollination to controlling fish and insect populations. The conference in Brazil is expected to set new directions for international cooperation to protect these species, in a context in which pressures on global biodiversity continue to grow.